![]() Thus, the opposing player must protect the king by moving it out of the opponent’s range. Thus, the player may not change the direction of movement while playing.Ī check refers to the time when a player’s king is under attack. However, these movements must be a single straight line during a single turn. It can move any number of spaces vertically, horizontally or diagonally. QueenĪ queen is not restricted by direction. A bishop cannot move vertically or horizontally and it cannot pass through a piece of the same colour. ![]() However, it cannot move vertically or horizontally. The bishop can move any number of squares diagonally through squares of the same colour. This means, if a knight starts on a white square it will end up on a black square after completing its legal movement. Furthermore, a knight always alternates between the two colours. This means it moves two squares forward, backward, right or left, then one square horizontally or vertically, one square forward, backward, right or left and lastly, two squares horizontally or vertically to form an L shape. Unlike the previous two pieces, a knight can move through other pieces by jumping over them, although it can not land on the space occupied by a piece of the same colour. Additionally, it can capture pieces of the opposing player by moving onto its square. However, it can not pass through pieces of the same colour. The rook, also known as the castle, can move any number of squares along its row or column. The pawn will then move into the square of the opponent and replace the captured piece. However, when a pawn is capturing the opponent’s piece, it may move diagonally right or left, but ahead of the piece. They can not move horizontally, backwards or diagonally. Pawns move one square at a time, only in a vertically straight line. The queen on the square matching her colour and the king on the opposite one. The king and queen are placed on the centre squares. The pieces must be arranged as follow, the rook on the leftmost and rightmost corner square, the knights placed beside the rooks and then then the bishops. The first row contains a symmetrical arrangement on the left and right sides. The second row or second rank (from the player) consists of eight paws, each place don a square. ![]() The chess pieces are set up in two horizontal rows. When properly set up, a white square will be the rightmost one along the edge nearest to each player. The first stop of playing chess is setting up the board. The king is the most valuable piece as it determines if the player loses or wins. Pawns are worth one point, bishops and knights are three points, capturing rooks give you five points while the queen gives nine points. reminiscent of the black ebony and white ivory pieces used in the past.Įach chess piece has a distinct value. This nomenclature came about as people used to use pieces made of ivory and ebony to play in the past. Generally, the light side is called white and the dark one, black. Players can distinguish their troops by colour with light or dark pieces. There are six kinds of chess pieces namely, the pawn, the bishop, the rook, the knight, the king and the queen. A chessboard contains a total of 64 black and white squares. ChessboardĪ chessboard is a square in shape and contains rows of squares in alternating colours, usually black and white. Of the above-mentioned items, only a chessboard and pieces are essential. A sheet of paper to record the score of each player A chess clock if the players decide to play a timed gameĤ. There are only a few requirements to play the game of chess. There are also several ways a game can end in a draw. The object of the game is to checkmate the opponent’s king, whereby the king is under immediate attack (in “ check“) and there is no way for it to escape. At the start, each player (one controlling the white pieces, the other controlling the black pieces) controls sixteen pieces: one king, one queen, two rooks, two knights, two bishops, and eight pawns. It is played on a square chessboard with 64 squares arranged in an eight-by-eight grid. Chess is an abstract strategy game and involves no hidden information. However, there are times when the game can end in a draw. ![]() ![]() This implies that the king piece is under check or immediate attack. The objective of the game is to checkmate the opponent’s king. ![]()
0 Comments
![]() If the field contains double quotes, it must also be enclosed in double quotes, and the individual double quotes in the field must themselves be repeated twice to indicate that they don't end the field." CSV, on the other hand, encloses the entire field in double quotes if it contains the separator. ![]() The latter conveniently not only handles the separator character, but gives us a way to handle the escape character and newlines for free. This design gives us a single special case (the escape character) to check for when parsing the file, and only a single action when the escape is found (treat the following character as a literal). The Unix way would be to simply escape the separator with a backslash, and have a double escape represent a literal backslash. Its problems begin with the case in which the separator character (in this case, a comma) is found inside a field. ![]() ESR's criticism of CSVĪMG: The Art of Unix Programming, by Eric S Raymond, on CSV: "In fact, the Microsoft version of CSV is a textbook example of how not to design a textual file format. However, you're still in trouble if you want to distinguish between an empty row and a row consisting of a single empty cell. Better to not use "" to indicate an empty. but this is ambiguous between an empty cell or a cell consisting of a single " character. Some applications have special quoting defined for commas and line ending characters.ĪMG. Some applications permit allow the field and/or record delimiters to be specified, giving rise to the general term, Delimiter-Separated Values. In the German locales the semicolon is used in csv-files as field delimiter as the comma is used as decimal separator. Some locales require the use of other delimiter characters. The Microsoft Excel implementation is widely considered as the reference implementation. These plain text files are a common way to export data from spreadsheets or row-based databases.ĬSV started out as an ad-hoc format, and many ad-hoc flavours of CSV exist in the wild. Two consecutive commas indicate an empty field. Commas and newlines can be escaped with double quotes, which in turn can be escaped by prepending another double quote character to. ![]() It uses commas to separate fields, and native line-ending character(s) of the host system to separate records. The venerable CSV format has been used at least since the days of the first spreadsheets such as VisiCalc as a common export format for table data such as spreadsheets. Comma Separated Values, or CSV, is a textual format for table/record data. ![]() ![]() On the other hand, if the flooring is concrete, stone, or simple brick, you can easily find a good fire pit, as these three happen to be the safest flooring options. Composite, wooden, and vinyl floors are combustible surfaces, and finding and selecting a fire pit to install on top of them might be tricky.Īlso, before you install a fire pit on a wooden floor, you should call pest control to make sure the wood is in good condition. If your wood is rotten or in a bad shape, you risk ending up with wobbly railings, splintered and/or rotting boards that break in an inconvenient moment or which might not be able to support the weight of your new fire pit. If you have wooden and vinyl flooring, you should definitely be extremely careful when picking a fire pit to go there. The type of flooring that you have on your covered patio also plays an important role in reaching a decision on the matter. In Canada, clearance to a mechanical air supply inlet must be 6 feet, while in the US the distance should be 3 ft. It might not seem too serious at first, but over time, the heat will definitely cause extensive damage to your patio ceiling and in the worst-case scenario – it can even end up in a fire.ĭo the research and check to see what is the minimum height the manufacturer requires to safely install a fire pit, and also look up your city’s codes and regulations.įor example, Barbara Jean collection of gas fireplaces is only permitted to be installed in case your patio is fully opened on a minimum of 2 sides beneath the floor, and the clearance under a veranda or a covered patio must be at least 47 inches. A cute patio ceiling might look adorable, but sometimes there’s just not enough room to fit a fire pit underneath.įire pits are not just pretty, they are meant to keep you warm too, and the amount of heat they house can easily damage the ceiling if it’s not high enough. 6 Final words about a fire pit under a covered patioįirst things first – you need to measure the exact height of your covered patio and proceed from there.5 What should be kept away from your fire pit?. ![]() 4 Where exactly are you going to place your fire pit?.3 Consider the ventilation of your covered patio. ![]() ![]() ![]() Also, it perfectly compliments my somewhat violet complexion! Who knows? Maybe I’ll start a trend. On the upside, my hair is awesome! It’s so purple it’s almost black unless the light’s just right, and the color is magnificent when the sun’s out. I managed to scrub most of the stain out of my face and neck, but everything else has a slightly purple glow to it. ![]() I spent about three hours scrubbing out the Wood’s bathtub, and there’s STILL a slight purple stain in the bottom. “Holy moly,” was all Jillian said, before running for baking soda and soap to attack my skin with. Gosh.” Jon took one look at me and ran for the last of the boys. I wrapped up in a towel and came outside. “What happened?!” Dad was knocking on the door at this point, the rest of the family and friends joining him. On the other, it was absolutely hilarious. On the one hand, I was purple, we were going out later, and this was mortifying. I started to giggle uncontrollably as tears of embarrassment and disappointment started to make streaks down my face. “Violet! You’re turning violet!” That was it. I scrubbed at my nose furiously, smudging more color into it than I was actually removing. My stomach and legs and arms and every appendage at my disposal were all PURPLE. My back had a deep purple streak down the spine. Shouting for help, I squeezed the last of the color out of my hair, and climbed out of the now violently purple tub. If anything, I rubbed more purple into the side of the shower. It’ll wash out, right? I rubbed at the wall a bit. My entire body was streaked with deep purple lines, and my feet were as dark as my hands. Dark purple trickled down the walls and pooled in the tub. When I opened them, it looked like the set of an alien horror film. I hopped into the shower, carefully disposed of the plastic bag (which by this time looked as if I’d murdered a purple minion in it), leaned back into the stream of water, and briefly closed my eyes. A quick rinse and dry and it’s done! How hard can it be to do yourself? Famous last words. The clock ticked away, and finally! It was time to take off my oh so glamorous head covering and wash out the dye! The moms were nowhere to be found. Lesson in blogging: take quality photos of everything that has even a minuscule chance of making it on the blog) In progress. I didn’t expect to be writing about this. (I apologize for the absolutely terrible quality of these photos. With a plastic bag twisted around my head like a disturbed purply brown jellyfish, I suppose I did. The littlest Wood kids watched and waited with me. Waiting the half hour for the dye to work its magic was agony. I was already looking forward to washing it out. “It smells kinda like almonds!” one of the boys piped up. ![]() My lovely assistants (Mom, and friends Jillian and Lois Wood) brushed liberal amounts of dark purple color into my hair. My last excuse, out the window and I was starting to get excited. After doing a ridiculous amount of research, I’d learned that this particular color works on brown hair without bleach. Two bottles of Special Effects Deep Purple were waiting for me upon my arrival in NH. But on returning to the States, I realized that I was out of excuses, I’d been putting it off for an age and a half, and it was time. Then we were in Guatemala and I didn’t want to trust my locks to the hair stylists there, where everyone has the same kind of hair and hardly anyone dyes it a crazy color. ![]() First my excuse was that I didn’t want to bleach my dark brown hair and turn it to a straw-like mess. I’ve been wanting to “go purple” for a while now. I never expected that dying my hair would turn into an all day event. ![]() ![]() These shotguns have some of the highest burst damage Lets Reaper reduce enemy tanks into pulp when used up close. His trusty primary weapon, Hellfire Shotguns, "mist" has increased movement speed, and he is completely invincible to ![]() Turning his human-like form into that of a ghost. Wraith Form is a move that takes Reaper's character off of the map, Players should always be careful about using Shadow Step when enemies are nearby,Īs the ability has quite a long channel time.Ī mobility ability more primed for combat, The ability is used to gain high ground, but Reaper's Shadow Step is a far-reaching teleportation ability thatĪllows Reaper to get from one area of the map to another. Shotguns, his other abilities greatly assist Reaper in obtaining proper While success with Reaper is heavily dependent on the proper use of his Uses his trusty Hellfire Shotguns to deal large amounts of sustained Reaper is the main antagonist in the Overwatch universe.
![]() To help you practice transitional words, here is a transition word list that shows the relationship the transitional words or phrases indicate. Some transition words (for example, "too" or "as well") more often occur at the end or even in the middle of a sentence, however. Transitional words and phrases often occur at the beginning of a sentence and, for more formal writing, transitional expressions are set off with a comma. Between paragraphs, paragraph transitions help with the flow of writing from beginning to end, as well as the sense of the coherence of the whole essay. Within a paragraph, transitions provide coherence: a sense that the paragraph contains one main argument or idea. Paragraph transitions suggest a particular relationship between one idea and the next. Transitional words and phrases connect sentences and paragraphs to each other. When writing a paragraph or essay, just as proper grammar and spelling are important, paragraph transitions are also important. ![]() One very useful way to create a transition sentence is to identify a key word or phrase in the previous sentence and repeat it in your transition sentence.How to Use Paragraph Transitions A Guide to Transitional Words and Expressions You usually put a transition at the beginning of the paragraph to connect with the previous one. Transition words (ex: however, therefore, additionally, thus, and also) or phrases (ex: for example, on the other hand, and in conclusion) that show a link between a paragraph and the one that precedes it. Paragraph 1: Introduction–thesis and three points to support the thesisĪrgument essays tend to include informative background data on the topic, a bibliography (citing sources used), and refutation of possible objections to the argument.Īnother way to make an essay flow is to connect the different section of you paper with transitions. The outline (plan) for a basic academic essay or a common five paragraph essay, is as follows: An outline gives you a visual plan on how to write your essay. How does this happen? First, it helps if you create an outline for the thesis. Once the thesis statement is established, the rest of the essay must “flow” in a certain way. Notice that in these examples, the first half of the sentence refers to the previous paragraph, the second half of these points to the paragraph that is beginning. Because of these results, the researchers decided to try a new experiment.Even though Eva followed all of these useful suggestions, she still ran into unforeseen problems.“Usually the transition between paragraphs comes in the first sentence of the new paragraph.” ![]() Use Transitional Sentences Between Paragraphs Plants need rich dirt in order to thrive.” “When you re-pot plants, use a high-grade potting soil. They should not procrastinate their research and study.” “College students can experience stressful deadlines and exams. “I can never forget the year of the big flood. Repeat the word or variations of the word. Then, add some transitions to help the reader move from one point to the next.Īdding a Point: furthermore, besides, in addition toĬause & Effect: consequently, as a result, thereforeĬonclusions: to sum up, in brief, for these reasons ![]() Make a list of your main points and juggle the order so that one paragraph leads logically to the next. Having trouble with transitions? Your text maybe out of order. These bridges link ideas and can help you avoid choppy writing. Transitions are bridges that can take you reader from one thought to the next. ![]() ![]() A combined-cycle unit, which combines a combustion turbine with a steam turbine, is more efficient than a steam turbine alone. Less efficient units have higher heat rates, and therefore require more natural gas to produce a kWh of electricity. A generator that uses 7,000 Btu to produce one kWh has a conversion efficiency slightly below 50% (see chart below). ![]() EIA's new daily price table shows the spark spread using a benchmark heat rate of 7,000 Btu/kilowatthour (kWh), which represents a fairly new and efficient natural gas combined-cycle generator. Market participants and observers rely on a generic benchmark to assess overall market conditions. Those marketing the output of a unit will use the unit's tested heat rate to assess its profitability. Spark spreads are calculated using the following equation: Spark spread ($/MWh) = power price ($/MWh) – Ī key component of the spark spread equation is the heat rate, or measure of efficiency, of a generating unit. Note that spark spreads are not reported if they have negative values. There is also variation in average spark spread levels across regions: New York City tends to have relatively high average spark spreads, while in the Pacific Northwest, a low average spark spread reflects low average power prices (because of an abundance of low-cost hydropower, particularly in the late spring and early summer). Power prices formed in Regional Transmission Organizations (New York City and Chicago in the chart above) tend to be spikier than those formed in markets featuring bilateral trading between market participants (Pacific Northwest and Southeast). Spark spreads tend to be fairly volatile, more so than crack spreads in petroleum markets, largely because of the volatility of wholesale electric power prices, which vary widely with changes in demand for electricity and the available electric supply. ![]() The chart above shows spark spreads during 2012, calculated for four locations around the United States. It is typically calculated using daily spot prices for natural gas and power at various regional trading points. ![]() The spark spread is the difference between the price received by a generator for electricity produced and the cost of the natural gas needed to produce that electricity. The spark spread is a common metric for estimating the profitability of natural gas-fired electric generators. Energy Information Administration, based on SNL Energy. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Ted Underwood and Lisa Rhody (see Further Understand – as Andrew Gelman demonstrates in his mock study of zombies We have to remember that the proxy is not in itself the thing we seek to Topic modeling could certainly help with that, but Might be interested in word use as a proxy for placement along a Use topic modeling without fully understanding it. The speeches was concerned with the economy, jobs, the Middle East, theĪs Scott Weingart warns, there are many dangers that face those who Afghanistan War Troops Middle-East Taliban Terrorīy examining the keywords we can discern that the politician who gave.Topics and the keywords composing those topics. Political speeches for example, the program would return a list of There are many different topic modeling programs available this Words into baskets, which we call topics. Over and over again until it settles on the most likely distribution of Possible to mathematically decompose a text into the probable basketsįrom whence the words first came. (by an author) by selecting words from possible baskets of words whereĮach basket corresponds to a topic. Instead, they assume that any piece of text is composed Topic modeling programs do not know anything about the meaning of the By unstructured we mean that there are noĬomputer-readable annotations that tell the computer the semantic Post, a book chapter, a journal article, a diary entry – that is, any A topic to the computer is a list of words that Topic models represent a family of computer programs that extract The archive contains without necessarily reading every document, then However, if you have hundreds ofĭocuments from an archive and you wish to understand something of what Of documents (or even a single document) it may well be that simpleįrequency counts are sufficient, in which case something like Voyant As with all tools, just because you can use it, doesn’t Understand in which circumstances a technique such as this could be mostĮffective. ![]() Ramsay’s Reading Machines are good places for beginning to Matthew Kirschenbaum’s Distant Reading (a talk given at theĢ009 National Science Foundation Symposium on the Next Generation ofĭata Mining and Cyber-Enabled Discovery for Innovation) and Stephen Should ask yourself whether or not it is likely to be useful for your Before you begin with topic modeling, you Patterns in the use of words it is an attempt to inject semantic Tips in getting MALLET to run for us the first time, and for theirĮxamples of what can be done with this tool.) What is Topic Modeling And For Whom is this Useful?Ī topic modeling tool takes a single text (or corpus) and looks for (We would like to thank Robert Nelson and Elijah Meeks for hints and Please see the MALLET users’ discussion list for the full range of Good idea of how it can be used on a corpus of texts to identify topicsįound in the documents without reading them individually. We will run the topic modeller on some example files, and lookĪt the kinds of outputs that MALLET installed. (ie, by typing in commands manually, rather than clicking on icons or Where to find the MALLET program) and working with the command line (essentially, setting up a short-cut so that your computer always knows MALLET involves modifying an environment variable Install and work with the MALLET natural language processing toolkit Might want to employ it in your research. In this lesson you will first learn what topic modeling is and why you Work through the Programming Historian Bash Command Line lesson. Previous experience using the command line you may find it helpful to This lesson requires you to use the command line. Examples of topic models employed by historians:.What is Topic Modeling And For Whom is this Useful?. ![]() ![]() ![]() Its emphasis on personal talents makes it better suited for individual development rather than team cohesion. StrengthsFinder, while offering valuable insights into individual strengths, does not directly address team dynamics. For example, by recognizing the unique traits and preferences of each team member, leaders can allocate tasks, set goals, and foster a collaborative environment more effectively. In the arena of team dynamics, neither emerge as the clear winner.ĭISC lends itself well to understanding and improving the 1-to-1 interactions and relationships within a team. Additionally, the sheer number of strengths (34 in total) can be overwhelming for some people, making it difficult to prioritize and develop their talents effectively. Some argue that, by only concentrating on what we're good at, we're neglecting areas where we need improvement. ![]() StrengthsFinder, on the other hand, has been criticized for its focus on individual strengths at the expense of addressing weaknesses. As a result, some people argue that DISC is too simplistic and lacks the depth needed for true personal and professional growth. One limitation of DISC is that it focuses primarily on behavior, rather than exploring the underlying motivations and emotions behind those actions. No personality test is perfect, and both DISC and StrengthsFinder have their fair share of criticisms. This can lead to increased engagement, motivation, and productivity in the workplace. By identifying your unique talents and strengths, StrengthsFinder helps you build on what you're naturally good at, rather than focusing on your weaknesses. StrengthsFinder, on the other hand, excels in personal and professional development. It's also great for improving communication, as you learn how to adapt your style to better suit the needs of others. By identifying the different behavioral styles within a team, DISC can help you pinpoint potential conflicts and develop strategies to address them. When it comes to practical applications in the workplace, DISC and StrengthsFinder both have their merits.ĭISC shines when it comes to understanding team dynamics and improving communication. However, StrengthsFinder's emphasis on individual strengths may inadvertently gloss over potential areas of improvement or interpersonal challenges. By identifying and leveraging their strengths, individuals can maximize their potential and better understand how to collaborate with others. Its focus on strengths rather than weaknesses fosters a positive and empowering environment for personal and professional growth. StrengthsFinder, on the other hand, is a more in-depth assessment that can take up to 45 minutes to complete. It's particularly useful for teams experiencing communication breakdowns or misunderstandings, as it promotes empathy and understanding among team members with different personality styles. By exploring how an individual interacts with their environment, DISC can provide valuable insights into communication styles, decision-making processes, and conflict resolution strategies. The DISC assessment is a relatively quick and easy test, often taking less than 20 minutes to complete. The idea is to help people understand and leverage their innate strengths to achieve personal and professional success. On the other hand, the StrengthsFinder assessment, developed by Gallup and based on the research of Donald Clifton, focuses on identifying an individual's top strengths from a list of 34 talent themes. By measuring an individual's tendencies and preferences, the DISC test aims to enhance self-awareness, improve communication, and promote more effective teamwork. The DISC assessment, based on a theory developed by psychologist William Marston, categorizes individuals into four primary personality types: Dominance (D), Influence (I), Steadiness (S), and Conscientiousness (C). Round 1: The Basicsīefore we dive into the fray, let's take a moment to understand the contenders. It's time for a hot take on these popular tools and a no-holds-barred comparison to help you decide which test deserves your time and energy. The two heavyweights of the personality test world are DISC and StrengthsFinder, but which one reigns supreme? That's where personality tests come in, promising insights into our strengths, weaknesses, and everything in between. In today's hyper-competitive workplace, understanding yourself and your team members is more important than ever. ![]() ![]() ![]() But Firefox has taken back its third place with respect to the most popular browsers in 2022.īut there is a saying, “To every problem, there is a most simple solution.” So, ride along if you face the same issue like everyone else and resolve the Microsoft Edge does not remember passwords issue.Ĭheck out the easiest way to enable equation editor in Microsoft Word. Note: In 2021, Microsoft Edge grew by 1300%. So, I had to log in every time to every website. ![]() Microsoft Edge is no longer remembering passwords is a known and pathetic problem anyone could face in 2022.įor me, in recent February, every time I closed Edge and reopened it, it’s didn’t remember any of my logins. It has kicked the Firefox and took it’s third place in the browser popularity in 2021.īut the immense amount of hype and promotion comes to an end when you face issues with your browser. It made the browser faster than ever, and you’ll find it quite responsive too. I just love the Chromium-based architecture update, the most recent one. ![]() But honestly speaking, I’m not a fan of Microsoft Edge from the beginning to do my usual tasks and surf the internet or anything. How to Fix Microsoft Edge Does Not Remember PasswordsĪfter launching on April 29, 2015, Microsoft Edge has passed almost more than 7 years of a journey in this browser era. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |